solar panel

solar panel (photovoltaic module or photovoltaic panel) is a packaged interconnected assembly of solar cells, also known as pv cells. The solar panel is used as a component in a larger photovoltaic system to offer electricity for commercial and residential applications.

Because a single solar panel can only produce a limited amount of power, many installations contain several panels. This is known as a photovoltaic array. A photovoltaic installation typically includes an array of solar panels, an inverter, batteries and interconnection wiring.

Photovoltaic systems are used for either on- or off-grid applications, and for solar panels on spacecraft.

Solar panels use light energy (photons) from the sun to generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The structural (load carrying) member of a module can either be the top layer (superstrate) or the back layer (substrate).

The majority of modules use wafer-based crystalline silicon cells or a thin-film cell based on cadmium telluride or silicon.

Crystalline silicon, which is commonly used in the wafer form in photovoltaic (PV) modules, is derived from silicon, a commonly used semi-conductor.

In order to use the cells in practical applications, they must be:

* connected electrically to one another and to the rest of the system
* protected from mechanical damage during manufacture, transport, installation and use (in particular against hail impact, wind and snow loads). This is especially important for wafer-based silicon cells which are brittle.
* protected from moisture, which corrodes metal contacts and interconnects, (and for thin-film cells the transparent conductive oxide layer) thus decreasing performance and lifetime. Most modules are usually rigid, but there are some flexible modules available, based on thin-film cells. Electrical connections are made in series to achieve a desired output voltage and/or in parallel to provide a desired amount of current source capability.

Our business scope is as follows:
1. PV system designing, delivery, and installation consultation, post-sale service.
2. PV components selling.Our products line covers:
    1). solar panel, which are TUV certified.
    2). on-grid inverter, which are VDE certified.
    3). lead crystal battery, which are CE certified.
    4). off-grid inverter.
    5). solar charge controller.